Eco-feminism & political and social movement Essay Example for Free

Eco-feminism political and social suit EssayEco-feminism can be defined a political and social movement which aims at combining feminism with environmentalism or, in other words, to unite deep ecology with womens liberationist concepts. Actually, I have chosen eco-feminism as it draws relations amongst women oppression and degradation of nature. Environmental problems are of great concern now along with women equality. Nature is degrading and womens rights are still discriminating. Therefore, eco-feminism argues that there is a strong link between degradation of women and oppression of women. Eco-feminism also explores the relations between sexism, racism, domination of nature and social inequality. It is known that eco-feminism originates from union of ecological thinkers and feminist which believe that social mentality is to blame for oppression of women and domination of men. It is directly related to abuse of environment. Eco-feminism is claimed to combine bioregional demo cracy with eco-anarchism. Eco-feminism strongly proclaims the importance of interrelations between globe and animals, human and insects, and the earth.Central idea of the feminism is that men ownership has resulted in dominator culture promoting food export, tragedy of the commons, abusive land ethics, exploitation of people and over-gazing. state of matter and animals are viewed only as economic resources and eco-feminism aims at fighting such positioning. The primary goal of eco-feminism is to re-define the views on productivity, attitudes of males and females towards nature and animals, as well as to anticipate ill-using of animals and insects. The key figures in the development of eco-feminism are Carol Adams, Helene Aylon, Judi Bari, Mary Daly, Monica Sjoo, etc.For example, Carol Adams is interested in relations between feminism and vegetarianism. In her whole kit and caboodle she wrote that women ahs to abuse their rights to provide men with the best food. Summing up, the primary goal of eco-feminism is to explain associations between degradation of women and degradation of nature.Works CitedEco-feminism. operational at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ecofeminism. Accessed April 20, 2008 List of Feminists. Available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/List_of_feminists. Accessed April 20, 2008

Macbeth Analysis Scene Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Analysis word-painting Essay?Macbeth Analyse- 2. a How does Shakespeare make the extract below from Act 2 Scene 2 dramatic and evoke? Quenched them, hath given me fire. Shakespeares using opposites and oxymoronic use of delivery (paradox) therefore making a contrast of bird Macbeths phrase. He has also showed a comparison of guilt between Macbeth and skirt Macbeth because Lady Macbeth obviously shows that she is not guilty for what she has done save Macbeth does.Again, Shakespeare uses oxymoronic use of language for when Lady Macbeth is speaking live, or die, and he also makes the last words dramatic, adding tension and seriousness towards what Lady Macbeth is saying. Another way to make the scene interesting and dramatic is adding conflict. Shakespeare does this when Lady Macbeth is saying how she cant kill Duncan Had he not resembled my father as he slept, I had donet. Lady Macbeth is in conflict with herself because she wants to kill Duncan herself but she cant because he looks too much like her father, meaning that she has a sentimental heart. Shakespeare uses changes in language in this extract because with the arrival of Macbeth and him holding the bloody daggers, the syntax breaks down suggesting confusion and panic. The theme of Macbeth is death, betrayal and things of that sort.The line live, or die, (what Lady Macbeth says) supports the fact that death is a theme of the story and this scene. Also when Lady Macbeth says that which hath made them drunk, She or solelyy reminds us of her association with the witches in the heath by using the homonym which. When Lady Macbeth says The fatal bellboy which gives the sternst good-night, Shakespeare is trying to make us realise that when you are asleep you appear to be dead you look dead but Duncan will neer wake up, because he is actually dead.Shakespeare uses objective correlative use of language when he writes, it was the owl that shrieked, because owls are nocturnal animals and are a ssociated with darkness and full moons and things of that sort. And all these things suggest evil and mysteriousness. Action is also a way Shakespeare makes the scene seem interesting and dramatic. An example is I have done the deed. Macbeth is telling Lady Macbeth that he has killed Duncan and Shakespeare has made his phrase mono-syllabic, making every word have an impact on what Macbeth has done.To make the scene much interesting and dramatic Shakespeare has showed Macbeth and Lady Macbeths birth in different ways. For example, Had he not resembled my father as he slept, I had donet, this shows that Lady Macbeth has a soft facial expression and that she didnt have the courage to kill Duncan because he resembled her father. So this is linking with her relationship with Duncan and Macbeth because she wanted to kill Duncan but she couldnt because of the resemblance and it shows she is not as sizable in her relationship with Macbeth.Hark I laid their daggers ready he could not mi ss em, also shows she carefully planned the plot showing she is in control of her relationship with Macbeth. And she also manipulated and controlled Macbeth into killing Duncan because she physically wasnt able to showing her power over Macbeth and their relationship. Also keep in mind that she doesnt even have Macbeths best interests at heart. Shakespeare is uses pretence, I am afraid they have awaked My husband? meaning Lady Macbeth knows inside that she is scared but she always gives off the impression that she is evil so maybe she is not as powerful as she thinks she is concerning her relationship with Macbeth. She also shows she wants comfort from Macbeth which shows the closeness of their relationship and her vulnerability. I heard the owl scream and the crickets cry. Did you not speak, this is an example of how Shakespeare uses questions to make the scene more interesting because Lady Macbeth sounds panicked and she uses alliteration to add more drama to what shes saying.

Environmental Sustainability In The City Of Dubai Tourism Essay

Environmental Sustainability In The City Of Dubai Tourism Essay all over the recent years, has Dubai evolved to a to a greater extent sustainable and eco- prosperous city? This paper explains the original sustainability of Dubais construction and other means. It shows that the city has a circulating(prenominal) neediness of awargonness toward the more eco-friendly living and society. Evaluating the lack of the residents initiations toward a more eco-friendly city shows that the Dubai has no requirement to be sustainable. However, the current sustainability is beingness improved. umpteen people, such(prenominal) as Pradeep Parmar, founder and owner of Enthusiasm leading Ltd. has tried to publish a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic bags in supermarkets around the city and the rude. Jute bags atomic number 18 more sustainable towards the environment and he is act to put through that into the society of Dubai. Shirish Patel, an architect who has been living in the UAE for more than fifteen years, has also tried to give more sustainable options to the projects that he has worked. In an interview with him, he had outlined the current pros and cons of Dubais sustainability and eco-friendliness. He also suggested that few ideas for a more sustainable and eco-friendly city. In conclusion, although many a nonher(prenominal) sections of Dubai atomic number 18 non the nearly eco-friendly out of all, the city is trying its best to be as sustainable as possible and they base improve on these if they try to implement some of the c erstpts and ideas that were introduced and outlined by Shirish Patel and Pradeep Parmar. If Dubai tries a bit harder and aims to complete their goal of total sustainability, they may just be able to pass around another milestone once again.Table of ContentsAbstract.1Table of Contents2 knowledgeability..3Current Positive Effects of Sustainability..4Current Negative Effects of Construction.6Possibl e Improvements on Dubais Sustainability8Conclusion11Works Cited.13IntroductionIn 2005, Dubai was rated as the highest speed of light footprint city in the world, as conducted with a research by the WWF Living Planet 2008 report. The UAE has been found to have the degree centigrade footprint of about 9.5 global hect atomic number 18s. As a result, the UAE was ranked as the 45th highest carbon footprint untaught. The United States is the second largest carbon footprint country musical composition Kuwait ranks in at third. There are quite a number of factors that outline Dubais current sustainability. The are the domineerings factors, such as the performance of economically friendly public transport bodys such as buses which can decrease the amount toxic pollution that is given off by plodding duty cars. In an interview with Shirish Patel, this method is discussed and analyzed more thoroughly. There are also contradict factors of sustainability in Dubai such as the emission cu ts and the be of doing so. Being a new technology, sustainability is not very well known among architects who have been constructing major(ip) buildings such as the Burj Al Arab and the Burj Khalifa. In addition to the negative factors of sustainability, improvements of how to implement sustainability with low costs are discussed in detail with Shirish Patel in his interview. All of these factors affect the sustainability of Dubai but the true question is that over the recent years, has Dubai evolved to a more sustainable and eco-friendly city?1st ParagraphIn todays time, Dubai is most known for its luxurious livelinessstyle, the massive boom in construction and its ability to reach milestones in this field with the Burj Khalifa. Also it is known to be the most attractive city in the whole of the Middle East. Soon, Dubai could become the next New York City. exclusively with so many buildings and structures that have been erected, sustainability to the environment is also a major cause for the depletion of the ozone layer in certain parts of the world. Dubai has many building with eco friendly leads such as the newly constructed Burj Khalifa and the Emirates Towers on the Sheikh Zayed Road. In an interview with Shirish Patel, an architect from the UK and has been living in the UAE for more than 15 years of his life. His input on this idea and current situation is merely based on his personal experience of living and working in this country. He believes that Dubai is trying to create a more environmentally friendly city by implementing such positive factors such as the eco-friendly public transport remainss such as buses. Also, to make life easier for many travelers in the country where foment is the main climate for around eight months, creating stations where people can sit indoors and wait for the buses to arrive. This is positive as people need not to wait in the heat but can relax in the cools of the Air conditioning system small-arm they wait for the ir transport to arrive. Dubai also tries to save expertness and recycle as much as possible by constructing the buses from utilise metals and other wastage that may be of use. He also believes that Dubai is able to improve their current sustainability on buildings by implementing new methods of construction and living. For example, many buildings could implement the new technology of solar superman and the ability to use fiber optic wires to channel the energy collected from the solar panels and convert them to energy to give electricity to certain areas of the building. Other implementations could be the reduction of the A/C system in certain areas of the building and the usage of natural air usage to cool the office during the times when heat is most unbearable. For example, the if a company was working in a building during the summer months, then the natural air that was stored during the winter months could be slowly used in the office. Also, the use of lights during the day time in schools or public places should be eliminated as enough light is emitted from the Sun and the implementation of more windows could aid this situation. Many other methods of energy saving and ethical energy storage could be implement in this situation. Aside from these implementations, the Green create Council of UAE has tried to help with this current situation. The Green twist council is the group that was formed in the US to help sustain the over usage of energy and other methods of sustainability. Over the years, the Green Building Council has expanded to many countries and in 2009, they moved to the UAE after looking at the amount of carbon footprint that the country was fashioning. Along with the government of Dubai, the Green Building Council has been a major part of the implementation of sustainability in the UAE for all of the major buildings and monumental sections of the city. Currently, Dubai remains at the top of the carbon footprint list, although currently actions are being taken to change the ways and methods of their expansion.2nd ParagraphAlthough Dubai has taken the precautionary methods to sustainability within the city, many inhabitants are not satisfied with the methods of sustainability. For example, people are not willing to turn off the lights during the daytime as they complain that they are unable to see what they are doing. By doing this, residents are wasting supernumerary amounts of electricity during the times when it is not needed. For example, schools in Dubai use a significant amount of electricity during the day. This example is completely based on personal experience. kinda of using so much electricity during the day, they should possibly consider saving that electricity since schools run during the daytime and there is enough sunlight during the entire day. A possible extension of windows in the class rooms could aid the problem of students being unable to see in class. The schools should only be using the ligh ts when natural sunlight is not available, such as during the winter months. Even then, the bulbs in for the twinkle should be refitted with fluorescent lights, as they are much more efficient in energy conservation. Another method of conservation is possibly the implementation of intelligent building to new structures that are arising and to accumulate this method into current buildings around the city of Dubai. smart as a whip Building is a concept that has been developed recently. Starting out in the US, this concept has established itself in many major countries such as the US, UK and many more. Basically, the concept behind this method was to create a system that will allow humans to remain in their comfort zones, along with controllability of the state-of-the-art technology. For example, a person would go into their room in a hotel and the computer would recognize the occupant. Then according to the calculations of the occupants current body heat, the air conditioner level i s adjusted. There are many other advanced features like those and it is also manually adjustable by the occupant. Unfortunately, the costs of these projects and initiations are too overpriced since there is a certain lack of architects and engineers that are experienced in this field of work. Since there is a lack of resources, the cost of incuring these people to the city and paying them to implement their concepts of sustainability can be difficult. Also, in the current market conditions, many people will seek the opposite of this idea of involving these people since not only will it be expensive to bring them to the city and to supply them with the necessary materials, but it mean that construction and labor costs will be increased since it requires more depth. In an interview with Shirish Patel, he speaks about the unaccounted usage of water bottles and plastic bags in the country. He says that they should eliminate the amount of water bottles around the city and/or pass on t hem exclusive to hotels and restaurants. These water bottles are unnecessarily being filled up in landfills around the city. One of the main reasons that people do not recycle is because there is no external power that requires them to do it. For example, although it is not a national law, states such as New York and Seattle enforce fines on citizens who throw apart certain recyclable items. If Dubai implements such laws towards the residents of the city, Emiratis and Foreigners, then the amount of wasted recyclable items would drastically condense. Also, the usage of plastic bags should drastically be reduced. Implementation of paper bags or the new concept of jute bags should be added in the supermarkets and other bazaars. Enthusiasm Star, a company that has specialized with jute bags in Dubai has introduced these concepts to big supermarkets such as Carrefour, Hyperpanda and other major supermarkets in the city. There are many other ways to conserve energy in Dubai but I do bel ieve that the city is making some form of an parturiency to make itself a more environmentally friendly location.3rd ParagraphIn 2007, Enthusiasm Star Ltd. began an initiation to bring a product that was interesting and reusable at the same time. Jute bags were, and in some areas, is a popular trend of the Indian community. Pradeep Parmar, the Managing Director of Enthusiasm Star Ltd., says he had seen this trend for many years of his life in India. When he realized what waste plastic bags can do to environment, he decided to implement these bags to the market in Dubai. He had penetrated the strongest market available, the supermarkets. Instead of supplying the bags himself, he had pitched the idea to major supermarket brands such as Carrefour and has had many prospering deals with this new concept. Today, many people use these bags as they completely reusable and quite efficient. Viewing this trend emerge in the market, many other brands, such as Gulf News, the leading newspaper company in the UAE, began giving free jute bags with a subscription of their magazine to promote the idea of conservation. If the UAE does continue to move send on in this fashion, they could be well off as a more conservative country. Although, Dubai could do much more to bring their city and the name of the country to a more sustainable and conservative location. Numerous opportunities have arisen to create a more eco-friendly society. Hotels in the UAE are quite sustainable in the current times but there could be more to help that. For example, when a new occupant checks into their room, the in-room refrigerator should be kept off unless the occupant should take aim so. By doing this, the hotel will eliminate the usage of valuable electricity. Also, the bulbs in the room should be replaced with fluorescent lights to help conserve the energy. Another idea could be to recreate the entire hotel with the Intelligent Building concept. If current and upcoming hotels would install th is concept, then they would see a dramatic increase of media attention, which could boost up their sales. Since this concept is plum new and has been tested in the US, the hotels would be likely to assess the pros and cons of installing this new technology. It would save a lot of energy which could then be implemented in other areas of the city. Besides hotels, Dubai could also conserve energy by reduction of cars in the city. Currently, Dubai has installed eleven Metro stations around the city while thirty-six are still under construction. Once all of these stations open up, then the need of cars would be unnecessary. This would reduce the amount of petrol that is being used and the pollution that the cars are causing toward the city. Along with transportation, many people would like to ride bicycles in and around the city but there is not proper walkway or lanes around the city to implement this. If there are lanes for cyclers around Dubai, then the amount of people driving would also drastically reduce. More than the transportation that should be changed, it should be the infrastructure. Buildings around Dubai are one of the most un-efficient and pro-wastage and they should be changed. For example, buildings should be refitted with the Intelligent Building concept and/or they should be able to conserve energy with other methods. Some other methods could be to implement recycling stations in each building. Also it should be make that the inhabitants and/or workers should be fined if they do not comply with the recycling law. Some other methods could be to conserve power in the buildings at all costs. For example, buildings such as office buildings use lights during the daytime, which uses quite a bit of energy. Many offices have windows all around the floor, so natural light is able to admit enough for the inhabitants to work during the daytime. For offices with deeper spaces, the new technology of fiber optics can help pipe in natural light to those certa in office spaces. Along with the improvements of lighting in buildings, the air conditioning could be another factor. Since the air conditioning is another factor in energy conserving, the option of natural wind should be an alternative. During the winter months, the cool air should be collected and stored to be kept for the months when the heat is most unbearable. Unfortunately, since the winter months are too less in this piece of the world, this option could be unsuccessful. If this option is unavailable, then energy conserving air conditioners should be implemented. By this, it means that the A/C would run for some time until the room is cool, and then switches off. All of these ideas have been outlined by Shirish Patel during the interview that was conducted. If Dubai is able to continue to sustain itself in the energy conserving world, and try to implement some of the ideas that are mentioned above, then the city is sure to be recognized not only for the amazing architecture and tourist locations, but also for the environmentally sustainability that they have been trying to accomplish. Dubai could soon be well off known as one of the most sustainable cities of our time.ConclusionDubai has been known as one of most carbon footprint cities in the world in 2005 and since then the city has been trying to do everything it can to eliminate that title. Dubai, also known as the concrete jungle of the Desert, has been on its way to create and break milestones and records. But with all this construction and developed going along in progress, the downturn is that they have not been paying attention at the sustainability of the buildings and other major factors in the city. Some examples are the unaccredited buildings in the city, the current Metro transportation system, the inefficiency of the cars in the city and the lack of residential facilities such as lanes for bicycling and walking. These only some of the problems around Dubai. However, Dubai has been doing its part toward the community by implementing some of the major sustainability concepts into the most known buildings in the city, such as the Burj Khalifa and the Emirates Towers. Shirish Patel, an architect who has been living in the UAE for more than fifteen years, has experienced the positives and negatives of living and working in the country and watching this expansion farm over time. In an interview conducted with him, he had outlined the necessary measures for Dubais sustainability towards their expansions overall. He suggested that Dubai introduce improvements to buildings and landmarks all over the city, and the efficiency of the citys transportation systems. For example, he suggested that people should reduce the amount spent in cars and the government should request the residents to use other transportation means such as the newly developed Metro system and other basic transportation systems such as the bicycles and walking. He also suggested that the government create lanes for cyclists in the Dubai to roam around more freely than they real do. Other basic improvements were that supermarkets should change their methods of using plastic bags to simple paper bags and/or jute bags. Pradeep Parmar, founder and owner of Enthusiasm Star Ltd., has helped introduce the jute bag system in the UAE in an effort to reduce the amount of plastic bags that are being used in and around Dubai. Many of these ideas for sustainability are able to be enforced by the general public in the UAE and if they could help initiate a more green and sustainable lifestyle in the UAE, specifically in Dubai, then the city is bound to receive more and more support from countries which have already implemented many of these ideas into their own cities. So, the question remains Over the recent years, has Dubai evolved to a more sustainable and eco-friendly city? I believe that the city has not become fully sustainable and eco-friendly but they have been implementing an effort to d o so.

Management And Leadership Across Culture Management Essay

Management And Leadership Across Culture Management EssayLeadership and demand has been very historic relating to achieving union goals . We rouse find lots of theories in leadinghip and indigence. The main purpose of the study is to critically evaluate theories of leadership and motivation and how this is related to managing cultural assortment and how the organization apply the techniques of leadership and motivation in organization .These days hospitality and tourism has been recognised as a social phenomenon with a manikin of social-cultural impacts at both the individual and global levels, and has been a diverse and momentous reality that all social sciences think. The study of tourism and its switchs reflect the arrival of freshly admissiones and ways of thinking in modern society as the changes in tourism reflect the changes from modern society to postmodern society. The system of rulesal challenges of tourism be discussed contextualizing the epitome deep d hol d the concepts of leadership, motivation, work performance, ethics, personality, and rewards. (www.environmental challenges tourism).Most of line of credit organisations were able to achieve their business goals and objectives by incorporating creative leadership and motivating staff. There are observations which claim that companies are constantly challenge by the fact that the control and creative aspect of business are diametrically opposed. As such, utile planning, control, organisation, and coordination within hospitality and tourism industry must be clear from the efficiency and goodness of the services offered.Business leadership and management characterises the process of leading and directing the systems within an organisation by shattering available resources widely so as to achieve the objectives of the business operation. It most of the time includes the conceptualization of business plans and monitoring its execution for assessment and evaluation of the efficiency a nd effectiveness of the business transactions. Good leadership help in effectively meeting theorize-related demands, co ordinations, commitment, in creating high-performing squads, in advanceing re-create loyalty and commitment, in increasing motivational level and in reducing absence and turnover of employees. Effective leadership and employee motivation is very essential and crucial to the survival and continued existence of service industry. It is such an important and wide field of study, and thus has enjoyed contributions from a host of authors and scholars. This research attempts an over take up of some of the most perceptive theories within the field of workplace motivation and leadership (Meyer and Allen, 1997). The very nature of this topic resides on the crossover between psychology and management, and concepts from these two genres will be investigated with a view to setting this research project against some kind of meaningful context. It is hard to cover all asp ect of that influence in the achiever of hospitality and tourism industry but in this assay author tried to explore leadership and motivation of employees factors.Chapter 2 Reviewing theories of Leadership and MotivationThe effective leader should think and act about his own Leadership style, strengths, and development unavoidably. Team leader should capture the individuals, tactile sensation sublime to be go bad of the team then people will work harder and achieve more. Goals of the organisation achieved or not depended on how effective the Leader was. So leadership philander important role in the organisation. Leadership is the heart and soul of organisations, and quality communication is the avenue by which leaders clarify their visions and foster violateicipative management within organisations, no matter which approach best describes their leadership stylesManagement and leadership across culturesThe international nature of the hospitality and tourism industry requires theater directors of the future to be conscious of many different issues relating to leading people.They strike the knowledge and skills necessary to lead and motivate workforces across many different cultural backgrounds. This issue is one of groovy importance and very relevant to effective management of organisations in a global setting.Indicative contentLeadership in organisationsCulture and leadershipTheories of motivationManaging diversityAccording to Wright Taylor (1994), Leadership is an activity which influenced the Behaviour, beliefs and feelings of other group members in an intended direction. Influence may take place at a space without any personal interaction between the people bear on .Leader can acquisitive the interpersonal skills through practice with feedback and guidance. According to Vecchio (1997) view Leadership is a sense-making heuristic to account for organisational performance and is important primarily for its symbolic role in organisations. Zaccaro (2001) said Leadership is a process of giving purpose to bodied hunting expedition, and causing willing effort to be expended to achieve purposeThe first responsibility of a leader is to define reality. The last is to say thank you. In between the two, the leader must become a servant and a debtor. That sums up the progress of an artful leaderConcept, ideas of leadership and leadership practices are the takings of much(prenominal) thought, discussion, writing, teaching, and acquirement. True leaders are sought after and cultivated. Leadership is not an easy subject to explain. A friend of mine characterizes leaders plain resembling this Leaders dont inflict pain they bear pain.TRAIT APPROACHESKONOPASKE (2008) said thinking and discussion about leadership evolved from a trait-based approach to the concept of teams without bosses. Trait approach is an attempt to identify specific characteristics (physical, mental, personality) associated with leadership success. Trait surmise of leadership is based on intelligence, personality, physical characteristics and supervisory ability. In trait approach leaders are born, not made because some people are born with their charisma and other personality traits, seems to be inborn born leaders whom others will follow automatically. People possessing charismatic traits need to learn to use and develop those leadership traits consciously. Many successful leaders do not possess a common body of personality traits which explain their leadership abilities. In fact, many greatQuality leadership depends neither on charisma nor on personality traits (www.1). Surveys of early trait research by stodgily (1948) and Mann (1959) reported that many studies identified personality characteristics that appear to differentiate leaders from followers (www.2). Peter Wright (1996) has commented, others found no differences between leaders and followers with heed to these characteristics, or even found people who possessed them were les s believably to become leaders Central to effective leadership.BEHAVIOURAL APPROACHAccording to Taylor (1994) behavioural approach of leadership concerned with the behaviour, rather than personality traits. Behavioural theories concerned with the leader in the context of organisation and identify behaviours exhibited by leaders that outgrowth the effectiveness of the organisation. In mastering the role of leadership, leaders must eff between behaviour modification and attitude modification. Behaviour modification implies that people change their outward actions, art object their attitudes, beliefs, feelings, and opinions remain the same. Attitude modification implies that followers change their inward thinking hence, their attitudes, feelings, and opinions are brought into line with those of the leader. It is clear that attitude modification is more important to effect lasting change than behaviour modification (www.3). cardinal sub-categoriesExamines how motorbuss spend their time and the typical pattern of activities, responsibilities, and functions of managerial commercial enterprisesLeadership effectiveness depends in part on how hearty a manager resolves role conflicts, copes with demands, recognizes opportunities, and overcomes constraints2) Identifying effective leadership behaviourPurpose of LeadershipLeadership is involves making employees into group and being accountable, responsible for focusing and motivating to achieve goals.A leader should support continuity and momentumbe flexible in allowing changes of directionIdeally, a leader should be a few steps ahead of their team, but not too far for the team to be able to understand and follow them.a. Skills neededb. Different Ideas of LeadershipSkills NeededLeaders must live a wide range of skills, techniques and strategies. These includePlanningCommunication skillsOrganisationAwareness of the wider environmentAs hospitality and tourism industry based entirely on service quality so manager nee d to use their communication skill as there are customers and employees from all over the population they have different language background so it is important to use effective communication skill also apprised of wider environment.Different Ideas of LeadershipLeadership should be concentrated in one person or distributed among members of the team. Leader was appointed by more senior levels of management or elected by the group. This technique relies on the assumption that one single person has all the strengths required. www.5Olmsyead (2000) said directing the team is critical tests of leadership skills because it is a growing and shifting kindred between the two people. According to Olmsyead (2000) directing the team is motivating the subordinates Motivation meansCause (person) to act in a particular(a) way stabilize interest of (person in activity) www.3.The effective leader should think and act about his own Leadership style, strengths, and development needs. Team leader sh ould make the individuals, feel proud to be part of the team then people will work harder and achieve more. Goals of the organisation achieved or not depended on how effective the Leader was. So leadership play important role in the organisation. Leadership is the heart and soul of organisations, and quality communication is the avenue by which leaders clarify their visions and foster participative management within organisations, no matter which approach best describes their leadership stylesMotivation cordial reception industry is a big industry in the world and the worlds largest employer. It is a labour intensive Industry. Wherever you need human input, motivation is crucial for success, especially for service industry. People are the part of the product in delivery service. If employees are not motivated, their performance will drop or customers will know and complain. The question for hospitality industry businesses is how to get the best from employees, how to come on and pe rsuade them to do what they are supposed to be doing to the best of their ability all the time. So that, it is strongly proved that motivating the employees is essential draw to increase the competitiveness in the organisation environment.Motivation is the key for employees to run the hospitality industry successfully, if the industry does not possess the ability to motivate its employees, the knowledge within the organisation is not practically used to a maximum. Therefore, it becomes the aim of every successful learnedness hotel industry to find the factors that enable it to motivate its employees to continuous learning and to take advantage of this knowledge to ensure its living. Many motivational theories have been constructed to find these motivational factors, but the set of the employees in the specific organisation desire tourism are seldom included in the theories. Since a suitable combination of motivational factors only can be created through an understanding of the v alues in the measured object (i.e. employees), this can be seen as a risk for validity problems in the measuring instrument.Significance of Motivation in Hospitality and Tourism IndustryMotivation refers to the reason why we do things. A dictionary defines motivation asThe psychological feature that arouses an organism to action towards a coveted goal, the reason for that action. (Source Dictionary.com)A simple definition of motivation is the ability to change behaviour. It is a drive that compels one to act because human behaviour is direct toward some goal. . Motivation is internal it comes from within based on personal interests, desires, and need for fulfilment. However, external factors such as rewards, praise, and promotions also influence motivation. As delineate by Daft (1997), motivation refers to the forces either within or external to a person that arouse enthusiasm and persistence to pursue a authorized course of action.Here is the particular importance with the motiv ation, because the organisations always expect a high quality performance. All the time it is not possible to the employees, so that the reading needs and motivation is essential to the employees. Motivation can do such things as they are1. Direct behaviour towards to particular goals.2. Its lead to increase effort and energy.3. Increase their initiation, persistence and activities.4. Enhance the cognitive processing.5. Determine what consequences are reinforcing.6. Lead to improve their performance.The persons in their employment they usually try to motivate themselves, even though organisation can maintain the crucial role to motivate the employees. need FACTORSThe employees can be motivated by different factors in a learning organisation, such they areThe works itself that many people bank in their work and feel they are making a difference. that is enough to motivate them acknowledgment being recognised for the contribution that you are making is something that many of us wan t and needAchievement seeing the resolving powers of what we do and knowing that we had a part in that vector sumResponsibility being given responsibility is something that people enjoy, they respond to being given responsibilityAdvancement and personal growth part of recognition is the opportunity to be able to advance yourself to be given more challenging tasks and be seen as being capable of doing such tasks.MOTIVATION THEORIESThe employees who are committed to achieving organisational objectives generally outperform those who are not committed. Those who are intrinsically rewarded by accomplishments in the workplace are satisfied with their jobs and are individuals with high self-esteem. Therefore, an important part of management is to help make work more satisfying and rewarding for employees and to keep employee motivation consistent with organisational objectives. With the diversity of contemporary workplaces, this is a complex task. Many factors, including the influenc es of different cultures, affect what people value and what is rewarding to them.From a managers perspective, it is important to understand what prompts people, what influences them, and why they persist in particular actions. fast(a) (1985) presented these four underlying principles that are important to understanding motivationPeople have reasons for everything they do.Whatever people choose as a goal is something they believe is good for them.The goal people choose must be seen as attainable.The conditions under which the work is done can affect its value to the employee and his or her perceptions of achievability or success.PROCESS THEORIESProcess theories help to explain how individuals motivation of an employee to select particular behaviours and how individuals determine if these behaviours meet their needs. Because these theories involve rational selection, concepts of cognition are employed. Cognition, jibe to Petri (1996), is generally used to describe those intellectua l or perceptual processes occurring within us when we analyze and interpret both the world around us and our own thoughts and actions.The expectancy theory is based on an individuals effort and performance, as well as the desirability of outcomes associated with high performance. The value of or preference for a particular outcome is called valence. To determine valence, people will ask themselves whether or not they can accomplish a goal, how important is the goal to them (in the immediate as well as the long term), and what course of action will provide the greatest reward. An individuals expectation of genuinely achieving the outcome is crucial to success, and many factors influence this.The expectancy theory says that individuals have different sets of goals and can be motivated if they believe thatThere is a positive correlation between efforts and performance,Favourable performance will result in a desirable reward,The reward will satisfy an important need,The desire to satis fy the need is strong enough to make the effort worthwhile.valency refers to the delirious orientations people hold with respect to outcomes like rewards. The depth of the want of an employee for extrinsic money, promotion, time-off, benefits or basic satisfaction rewards. Management must discover what employees value. apprehension Employees have different expectations and levels of confidence about what they are capable of doing. Management must discover what resources, knowledge, or supervision employees need.Instrumentality The apprisedness of employees whether they will actually get what they desire even if it has been promised by a manager. Management must ensure that promises of rewards are fulfilled and that employees are aware of thatThe expectancy theory can be applied through incentive systems that identify desired outcomes and give all workers the same opportunities to achieve rewards, such as stock ownership or other recognition for achievement. Given that communicati on satisfaction plays an influential role in motivating employees, it would be important for hotel managers to pay attention to communicating with employees. In this regard, it would be beneficial for hotel managers to understand how well satisfied employees are with communication. managers needs to be open to new ideas managers listen and pay attention to employee managers communications with employee to make them feel an important part of hotel also offers guidance for solving job-related problems and receive on-time information needed to do job. Conflicts are handled appropriately through proper communication channels managements communications with employees are accurate and organised managers know and understand the problems faced by employees. Overall, managers are willing to listen to employees and take up ideas from employees, so employees feel they are part of the organisation.Other issue employees may face is whose first language is not English work in the hotel industry. Here, communication might play a more important role in motivating employees. Managers should respect employees and understand cultural differences. In particular, managers should give clear and precise instructions to let employees know their job description, performance evaluation, service quality, and hotel values. Always providing prompt feedback, encouraging job involvement, and truly caring for employees make communication successful.The equity theory focuses on individuals perceptions of how fairly they are treated in comparison to others. The equity exists when people consider their compensation equal to the compensation of others who perform similar work. People enunciate equity by comparing inputs (such as education, experience, effort, and ability) to outputs (such as pay, recognition, benefits, and promotion).REINFORCEMENT THEORIESA theory of reinforcement explains employee should have time maintenance as well the motivation structured by management. This theory based not on need but on the relationship between behaviour and its consequences. In the workplace, these theories can be applied to change or modify on-the-job behaviour through rewards and punishments.This theory takes into consideration both motivation and the environment, focusing on stimulus and solution relationships. Through his research, Skinner noted that a stimulus will initiate behaviour thus, the stimulus is an antecedent to behaviour. The behaviour will generate a result therefore, results are consequences of behaviour.(McCoy, 1992)The four types of reinforcement are the followingPositive reinforcement The application of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behaviour, such as giving praise.Negative reinforcement The removal of an unpleasant consequence following a desired behaviour, such as a manager no longer reminding a worker about a weekly deadline when the worker meets the deadline. This reinforcement is also called avoidance.Punishment The applicati on of an unpleasant outcome when an unsuitable behaviour occurs to reduce the likelihood of that behaviour happening again. This form of reinforcement does not indicate a correct behaviour, so its use in business is not usually appropriate.Extinction The withdrawal of a positive reward. If the behaviour is no longer positively reinforced, then it is less likely to occur in the future and it will gradually disappear.From the argument clearly conclude that motivation is the essential need to the employees to enhance their abilities, it is also important to the management, to provide the teach needs to motivate the persons and involve them particularly in socio cultural things.Chapter 3 A Case of Leadership and Motivation in Hilton Manchester DeansgateThe management and leadership method of Hilton Manchester Deansgate has a huge effect on its work atmosphere and the employees inspiration. The progress of a finest leadership style and executive skills that is the most proper to an or ganization is vital, having a key effect on its life duration. Hiltons Managers world class leadership style helps the hotel to attain its goals . There are two types of leadership styles, one that is task-oriented and the other that is employee-oriented. A manager with a task-oriented style will have work results as his major concerns and therefore, he will enlarge rigid policy that would lead the subordinates into working their errands to profit his preferred results.Case StudyThe purpose of this study was to explore the similarities and differences in motivation and organisational commitment of employees and employee motivation and their level of organizational commitment.Interviews are interpreted from the basic stage of work group in Hilton hotel. Those interviews are in the form of face to face interviews, direct interviews. Interview questions in the form of multiple options with agree, strongly agree, disagree, strongly disagree and not applicable. So that involving employe es can express their views by choosing the options, in this survey, over 25 employees from Manchester, involved and responded for the following 16 questions. It gives the view of leadership and employee motivation level in organisation.1Q- My work gives me feeling of personal success.A Organizational success is ultimately depends on employee motivation and participation. Every job design will define the employee responsibilities, most of the employees feel that they are giving a good performance.25 employees responded, in that 19 employees agree, 2 strongly agreed, 4 disagreed.2Q- I like the kind of work I doA organisation responsibility to create the likely environment, so that all the employees can like to work. 25 employees responded in that 21 agreed, 2 strongly agreed, 2 disagreed.3Q- I know how my work relates to organisation mission and goalsA management needs to make aware their employees of organisation vision, mission, and goals. Employees should need to know what the goal of organisation is so that performs their work towards to organisation goals. 17 employees responded as agreed, 1 strongly agreed, 7 disagreed,4Q- I do give importance for my workA it describes the organisation attitude and having impacts on outcomes. If employees feel their job is much important to them, than they can involve with much effectively. In higher range 23 employees agreed and 2 employees are disagreed.5Q- I feel my department gets support and teamwork from other areas within the Company.A organisational development depends on employee training and development. Employees need proper training according to their jobs, to effective involvement. 18 agreed, 2 strongly agreed, 5 disagreed.6Q- Overall I am very much satisfied with my job at organisation.A satisfaction does cost much in organisation. It effects on employee performance. 22 employees were agreed, , 3 disagreed,.7Q- My manager clearly defines my job responsibilities.A job enrichment is the key factor to feel emplo yees more responsible. Employees need to know their job responsibilities, management need to assign tasks to their employees. 24 employees responded as agreed only one employee disagrees with this issue.8Q-My manager/supervisor encourages high achievement by reducing the fear of failure.A employees need motivation, encouragement to produce effective performance. 25 employees responded as agreed.9Q- My manager/supervisor takes responsibility for shaping the attitudes and relationships within our department.A employee relations key task in organisation run successful for managers, they need maintain a good relation with employees, so that they can easily shape their attitude. 20 employees agreed 5 disagreed.10Q- My manager/supervisor clearly communicates what is expect of me.A Employee communications mechanisms involve the provision and exchange of information and instructions, which enables an organisation to function effectively and its employees to be properly informed about develo pments. 24 employees responded agreed, 1disagreed.11Q- My manager/supervisor provides me with continuous feedback to help me achieve.A every organisation need to provide the feedback so that employee can improve his performance to achieve organisation goals. 14 employees responded as agreed, 1 strongly agreed, 10 disagreed.12Q- Employees have a feeling of personal empowerment and ownership of work processes.A empowerment gives to employees having autonomous decision-making capabilities and acting as partners in the business. 16 employees responded as agreed, 6 disagreed, 3 strongly disagreed.13Q- Satisfaction with involvement in decisions that affect workA Employee satisfaction is an emotional state resulting from the experiences an employee feels at work. 17 employees responded as agreed, 1 employee strongly agreed, 7 employees disagreed with a kind of disappointment.14Q- I have a high level of respect for my organisations senior leaders and my colleagues.A organisations values gi ve feel employees to be respectful, so that everyone respectable with another. 24 employees responded as agreed, 1 employee disagreed.15Q- In the last 3 weeks, I received recognition or praise for doing good work?A surgical procedure appraisals have a great impact on employee performance. Performance review can give clear indication to employees performance recognition and opportunity to increase performance. 18 employees responded as agreed, 7 employees responded as disagreed.16Q Since a year, I got more opportunities to learn and grow my skills.A employee involvement and participation is a key task to organisation. For high involvement practices, employee needs to get proper training and development. 12 employees responded as agreed, 10 disagreed and 3 employees strongly disagreed.Summary of findingsSurvey finds out that how organisation motivates their employees to effect on their success. Questionnaire pointed out the key factors such like employee involvement, organisational success, job responsibility, how organisation determine the vision includes within the employees, organisation culture, employee development towards to organisation development, job enrichment, performance appraisal, empowerment levels, employee satisfaction, and communications. Employees at the Hilton hotel most of them are aware of what the organisation expecting from them, and they felt they are satisfactory with their organisation.Quantitative data of survey providing the entire descriptions, Job satisfaction at there was, 80% employees satisfied with their job, to the lowest degree 20% having unsatisfied. It shows that organisation need to evolve more strategies to make the job interesting and create healthy environmental at work. Organisational success also higher at Hilton, they prefer their employees as a key assets, it is quite interesting about only 60% employees satisfied with organisational strategies. It means that the company needs to reach more employees in order to get more success. Training and development procedures at higher rate and should leading as example to others, overall 89% employees satisfied with their procedures and low level group of employees strongly argued that they are not really affecting their work. It explains that management needs more attention to develop their training strategies useful to all the employees. Communications among different role of employees were too poor, 45% people satisfied and 55% employees strongly disagreed with their superiors communications, it indicates that there is a no hone communication systems are following, so organisation needs to develop more communication and employee relation strategies The research of Marchington et al (2001) demonstrated that employers in the 18 organisations they study valued the voice of the employee in contributing to management decision making because they believed it contributed to business performance.Chapter 4 Recommendations and ConclusionEmployee motivatio n is essential to the success of organisations. A want of employee motivation may cause organizational problems in turnover and retention, morale, and poor productivity. Hotel industry is not unfamiliar with these human resource issues, however, many restaurants choose to accept these issues as part of the business or utilize ineffective, outdated motivation techniques. Recognition of the problem of employee motivation is the first step a restaurant. Organisation may choose to tackle the problemToday most of the organisations turning into employee voluntary programs such as a key strategy to increase their business goals while positively involving their employees to meet the needs of the organisation. Management should ensure that, employees are committed about getting involved, it is important to find most satisfactory way for them to put down so that their efforts can really make a difference to organisation. Having a number of perspectives, it is clear that employee motivation is central to the modern organisational practices. Moreover, the benefits of employee motivation and effective leadership are more if company implement effectively.In implementing employee motivation theories in practices, a number of general principl

Income Elasticity of Demand: Analysis of Nestle

Income Elasticity of Demand Analysis of come nearEconomics is the study of making choices, It examines how people choose the harvest-tide in meet their unlimited takes by considering many factors.Economics is The study of how society decides what, how and for whom to produce.(Begg,2003)COMPANY PROFILENestl was founded in 1867 on the shores of Lake Geneva in Vevey, Switzerland and its first intersection was Farine Lacte Nestl, an infant cereal speci altogethery formulated by Henri Nestl to provide and improve infant nutrition. From its first historic merger with the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company in 1905, Nestl has grown to become the worlds largest and most diversified food Company, and is about twice the size of its nearest competitor in the food and beverages sector. In 2004, Nestl had around 247,000 employees worldwide, operated cholecalciferol factories in approx. 100 countries and offered over 8,000 proceedss to millions of consumers universally.In India Nestle has its headquarters in Gurgaon,Haryana. One of the main brand is Chocolates and Confectionery which is been studied here.DEMANDDemand is the amount buyers wish to purchase at each conceivable. The imply of the crossway ass vary from consumers to consumers and product to product. Demand is not a particular quantity except it is the price at which the consumers exit purchase the product. In case of chocolates the demand weed vary if the price increases.The supply of the product is also very untold essesntial, The product is to be reached to the consumers in right quantity at the right time with the right price.The demand of bullys can be classified into three typesThe harm of think goods This relates to the price and demand for the substitute product , If the Nestle Chocolates are not available in the market the people will start purchasing the substitute goods such as ice cream, cakes etc. But in that respect is a major role for competitors, if the nestle chocolates are not a vailable consumers can go for Cadbury chocolates also. The price increase in the complementary products such as milk, sugar, choco powder will effect the price of the product . So the price of related good playes a important role in fixing the price of the product.Consumer Income The income of a person plays a major role in the market, if the person income goes postgraduate the demand of the product goes lofty as the people start buying more than chocolates. The person consuming low priced chocolates will buy good case chocolates this is the situation where the inferior goods demand embark ons lower. When the income increases the per capita income of the person increases which rather increases the purchasing power of the consumer.Taste This is one of the major factor which controls the demand of a product, when the income of the consumers are laid-back the people will think of buying good quality chocolates, when there are competitors for nestle like Cadbury, amul etc the co nsumers depends on taste, the taste and preferences of a product plays a major role in setting the demand of a product.ELASTICITYElasticity is the sensitivity of turn in percentage of one variable with venerate to the proportional percentage change in other variable. The Elasticity can be classified in to three Price Elasticity of Demand This is explained as the difference between the percentage change in demand by the percentage change in price.Ed = % change in Quantity Demanded% change in PriceFrom the above figure if the price of chocolate is been reduced by 20 pounds from 30 pounds the degree of change in demand increases from 30 kg to 50 kg , the change in price can give a very good result on the products sale ,where as when the price is been increased by 50 pounds the demand falls to 20 kg there is a great loss and the sales and demand of the product has fell low.20%/10 %=2 , hence it is a highly elastic .Income Elasticity of DemandIncome elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good to the change in the income of the people demanding the product . It is calculated as the ratio of the percent change in quantity demanded to the percent change in income. For manikin, if, in response to a 10% increase in income, the quantity of chocolate demanded increased by 20%, the income elasticity of demand would be 20%/10% = 2.A negative income elasticity of demand is associated with inferior goods an increase in income will lead to a fall in the quantity demanded and whitethorn lead to changes to more luxurious substitutes. A positive income elasticity of demand is associated with normal goods an increase in income will lead to a rise in the quantity demanded. If income elasticity of demand of a commodity is less than 1, It is necessity good. If the elastisity of demand is greater that 1, It is a luxuary good.A zero income elasticity or inelastic demand occurs when an increase in income is not associated with a change in the quantity deanded of a good.Cross Elasticity of Demand Measures the responsiveness of the quantity demand of a good to a change in the price of another good. For example, if, in response to a 10% increase in the price of Sugar, the quantity of Chocolates demanded change magnitude by 20%, the cross elasticity of demand would be -20%/10% = -2.It can be calculated using the following formula= % Change in Quantity deamand of product A% Change in Price of Product BWhere the two goods are substitutes the cross elasticity of demand will be positive,so that as the price of one goes up the quantity demanded of the other will increase. For example in response to an increase in the price of cadbury chocolate, the demand for Nestle chocolate will rise. In case of perfecr sustitutes, the cross elastisity of demand is equal to infinity.Where the two goods are complements the cross elasticity of demand will be negative, so that as the price of one goes up the quantity demanded of the other will decrease. For example, in response to an increase in the price of sugar, the demand Chocolates will decreaseWhere the two goods are independent, the cross elasticity demand will be zero , as the price of one good changes,there will be no change in quantity demanded of the other good(B.Johns,S,Atkinson,.2001)ECONOMICS OF SCALE Individual restore Cost It is the fixed cost incurred by the company for a long term period, it can be the the machinery cost or the materials required for the production of chocolates such as milk, sugar etc , the price of these will be fixed for certain period . The labour cost also will be also fixed .Specialisation The company will be specialised in some fields or the other . Nestle chocolates can be experts in making bar chocolate while they wont be specialed in making toffees .Purchasing It is like purchasing the product in huge quantities . If the company gives the suppliers with good price and of good quality, The supplier will buy the product from the the manufacturer, they accept lower prices to secure steady demand. The customers exploit the market power. When the purchase is been made by the suppliers in large qualtity the production will be high and it can help to increase the profit.Research and Development The Company will have to concentrate on the R and D in order to get new technologies there by they can increase their production and they can research for new kind of chocolates where they can attract more customers. The company will have to invest n R D and they have to achieve a right solution.The Minimum Efficient Scale=Size of Market /No of Producers=63ooo/7=9000MES=9000/63000=14.28%.http//www.nestle.com/Resource.axd?Id=24E5A5E2-93F8-43A3-956E-0F259448CB90TECHNOLOGYTechnological progress can improve the companys production, its products its labour etc. By introducing new technology machine where by new designs of chocolates can be produced and new mixture of flavours can be added together so that the customers c an be attracted. The new technology machines can even cut down the cost of production there by the price of the product can be reduced there by the supply can go high.Economies of celestial orbit1) Common FacilitiesIn this the company makes different products with the same employed workers, this can help the company to reduce the cost there by increase the companys profit. For example the people who make nestle chocolates can even try for making nestle biscuits there by the product can be successful and dont want to incur much expenses.2) Transferable ExperienceIt is the experience been transferred from one place to another, the experience gained from one organisation is been applied and their strategies are been blended together so that the company can earn more profit and the production can be increased.3) Influences on Demand Demand for the product can increase if the product has a good brand image. If the Nestle chocolates are having demand in the market and the consumers purch ase nestle chocolates by seeing the brand name and good will , the product next launched my Nestle will be more easy to be sold as the first product benefits the sale of the second. conclusionThe company need to keep a track on the markets demand and supply of the product there by the company can gain more profit by providing with the right product at the right time, The company should try to sell the chocolates to its suppliers within the equilibrium price so that they benefit in selling and they favour in selling our companies chocolates as they give them more profit. When the demand gets high, ample amount of products should be available in the market there by increasing the production and this can increase the companys goodwill. The company should follow the consumers tastes and preferences and should also consider the income of persons and price of related good. When taking in to consideration all the factors like technological, elasticity, economic scope, economies of scale th e company can gain the goodwill of the market and people.ReferencesBegg.D (2003) Foundations of Economics ,Second edition,McGraw Hill Education,Berkshire.http//www.nestle.com/Atkinson, B.Johns,S.(2001)Studying EconomicsPalgrave.http//www.nestle.com/Resource.axd?Id=24E5A5E2-93F8-43A3-956E-0F259448CB90

litereary poem notes :: essays research papers

Literary Terms for meter1.Alliteration The repetition of initial consonant sounds 2.Assonance The repetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables3.Blank Verse Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter lines4.Concrete Poem A rime with a shape that suggests its subject5.Consonance the repetition in two or more address of final consonants in stressed syllables 6. suspender A pair of rhyming lines usually of the same length and meter7.Dramatic Poetry Poetry that involves the techniques of drama8.Epic A long narrative poem about the deed of gods and heroes9.Extended Metaphor A subject is spoken or written of as though it were something else10.Free Verse Poetry not written in a regular rhythmical pattern or meter11.Haiku Japanese poem written in 5-7-5 needs to bear a single vivid emotion by means of images from nature12.Lyric Poem A highly musical verse that expresses the observations of the writer13. vagary The feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage. The mood is often suggested by descriptive details14.Onomatopoeia The use of words that imitate sounds15.Parody A work done in imitation of another, usually in order to mock it, but sometimes just in fun16.Personification A type of figurative language in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics.17.Pun A lend on words based on different meanings of words that sound alike18.Refrain A repeated line or group of lines in a poem or song19.Repetition The use, more than once, of any element of language- a sound, a word, a phrase, a clause, or a excoriate 20.Rhyme The repetition of sounds at the ends of words- internal rhyme occurs when the rhyming words appear in the same line

Analysis of Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Essay -- Marlow Heart o

Analysis of Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Heart of Darkness is a story about Marlows journey to discover his inner self. along the way, Marlow faces his fears of failure, insanity, death, and cultural contamination on his trek to the inner station. Marlow, who goes on his journey to meet Kurtz, already has a fascination with Kurtz after listening to many state along the way. Conrad tries to show us that Marlow is what Kurtz had been, and Kurtz is what Marlow could become. Marlow says about himself, I was getting savage, meaning that he was becoming more like Kurtz. Along the trip into the wilderness, they discover their on-key selves through contact with the native people. On one occasion, the steamer is attacked by a party of natives, killing the helmsmen and frightening the crew. This event triggers a change in Marlow, who takes off his shoes, which were covered in his friends blood. This taking off of clothes is a return to nature, bringing about a more primi tive person Marlow. Even as Marlow ventures further up the Congo, he feels like he is traveling ba...