Saturday, March 9, 2019

The Multiple Intelligence Theory

developed in 1983 by Dr. Howard Gardener, a professor at the very esteemed Harvard University, the quadruplicate pa utilisation service system states that testing a persons cognizance by dint of IQ tests is very restricting. In his very prescript work, Frames of Mind The Theory of Multiple news program, Dr. Howard Gardner cited eight resistants of intelligence that argon unconditi 1d in men- linguistic intelligence (word smart) logical-mathematical intelligence ( get/ reasonablenessing smart) spatial intelligence (picture smart) bodily-kinesthetic intelligence (body smart) symphonyal comedy intelligence (music smart) interpersonal intelligence (people smart) intrapersonal intelligence (self smart) and natural scientist intelligence (nature smart) (Armstrong, 2000).Logical-Mathematical IntelligenceThose who occupy the logical-mathematical intelligence would commonly finale up as a scientist or mathematician. They atomic number 18 in general sensitive to and shoot the force to disparateiate logical and numerical patterns (Gardner & Hatch, 1989, be well versed with everything that has something to do with logic, abstractions, inductive and deductive reasoning and or so of all, numbers. Because of this, they atomic number 18 said to be excellent in mathematics, chess, computer programming and other(a) activities that regards numbers and logic (WIkipedia.org). They likewise have the ability to detainment long chains of reasoning (Gardner & Hatch, 1989).Linguistic IntelligenceThose who deliver this represent of intelligence on the other hand be most plausibly to end up as poets and journalists for it has got something to do with words, be it spoken or written. These are the people who are sensitive to sounds, rhythms and of course, the meanings of diametrical words. Likewise, these people are very knowledgeable in the different functions of language (Gardner & Hatch, 1989).They are darling in reading, writing and even telling sto ries. At the same time, they are good in memorizing dates and words (Wikipedia.org, 2007). They rely on taking notes, reading, audition to lectures, discussions and debates as their primary source of knowledge. These people are said to go out foreign languages easily, having a very high-pitched verbal memory and the capacity to understand the structure of words and sentences.Musical IntelligencePeople having musical intelligence tend to become composers, violinist, musicians, singers, and so on They have the ability to let and at the same time, appreciate rhythm, pitch and timbre together with the reach of the different forms finished which music is expressed (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989). Those who likewise possess this kind of intelligence tend to learn and memorize different types of schooling through the use of music. More often than not, they work efficiently and effectively with music playing in the background (Wikipedia.org, 2007).Spatial IntelligencePossessing this kind of intelligence, a person may end up as a navigator, sculpturer as they are good in visualizing and mentally manipulating objects (Wikipedia.org, 2007). With this perception comes their accuracy in performing transformation establish on their perceptions (Gardner & Hatch, 1989).Body-Kinesthetic IntelligenceThose who possess this kind of intelligence, on the other hand end up as athletes or dancers, as this has something to do with movement. People who are intelligent based on this often prefer activities that authorize use of body movements, which make them also good in building and making things. They remember things through their body, making use of what is known as muscle memory (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989). social IntelligencePossessing this type of intelligence makes one individual a future twenty-four hour period therapist or salesman, having the capacity to respond to the moods, temperaments, motivations and desires of other people (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989). They are usual ly extroverts who excel so much in interacting with others.Intrapersonal IntelligenceThey end up to be a person with detailed, accurate, self knowledge that could chafe ones feelings and be able to draw them in directional behavior, strengths, weaknesses, etc (Gardner & Hatcher, 1989).Education and the Multiple Intelligence TheoryThe concept of intelligence permeates our day to day lives just like any other psychological concept. onwards completing and even entering an institute of education, disciples are asked to complete and expertness exam that would measure their intelligence quotient or IQ that could determine their forwardness and capacity to learn in institutions like the one they are applying in. Intelligence tests have been a very important tool that is being use in most educational institutions that place a very high importance on the relationship between intelligence and education (Wagner & Sternberg, 1984) accord to Dr. Gardner, most of the schools and cultures te nd to focus more than on the linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences of its pupils then raising the self esteem levels of individuals who are well versed in their language, of individuals who know so much just about math, individuals who are expert in reasoning. The different cultures and societies fail to recognize the achievements and intelligence of those people who have boasting other types of intelligence- the artists, architects, musicians, designers, athletes, and those other who truly show their importance in the other aspects of the society (Armstrong, 2000).It is also because of the societies focus on the linguistic and logical-mathematic intelligence that schools are unable to address the needs of disciples who are not gifted with these kinds of intelligence. Unfortunately, those who have not been giving due recognition for the intelligence they have as they possess other kinds of intelligence apart from those society deems very important usually hurt ADD or Attention Deficit Disorder (Armstrong, 2000).As Gardner reiterated in his study of MI theory, an individual is mechanically equipped with unique intelligence to cope up in a diverse cultural society. It provides students with options to advantage and recognition for whatever talents they have. Linguistic intelligence and personal intelligence gives commodious opportunities for individuals in a globally competitive society. The structural views of education are now diverse in regarding intelligence out of just the normal scope of intelligence.The twofold intelligence theory is said to be a threat to formal education, a death knell as they say, believe that teaching to address a single kind of intelligence is already hard. However, most schools have actually responded positively to Gardners theory as it is said to validate educators everyday experience, recognizing the difference in the way students think and learn.At the same time, educators have recognized the pigheadedness of the seven kinds of intelligence as a necessity in funding life well. It is for this reason that teachers are being called to attend to all kinds of intelligence, not just the two kinds of intelligence traditionally addressed by educators and educational institutions (Smith, 2002).MI is a means to foster high quality work. MI should be used as a tool to promote a high quality of education instead of just a theory (Smith, 2002). Creativity is promoted in the nuance of education and by which it helps the production of more creative ideas to continually support the existing knowledge we learn in school. Students are also encouraged to learn beyond the four walls of the classroom, in preparing them for the real domain. They are equipped with facts that they could apply in their day-to-day lives.Gardners multiple intelligence theory has inspired a lot of schools to abide educational reforms that could help raise the quality of education. According to Thomas Armstrong (2000), some(p renominal) methods have been incorporated in teaching academic topics. For example, the study of the law of supply and demand in economics does not just involve linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligences much(prenominal) as studying by reading about it and the mathematical expressions by which the law is expressed.In the study, spatial intelligence is also incorporated through examination of graphic charts, observing the laws of the natural world (naturalist), the human world of commerce (interpersonal), the law in terms of ones own body (bodily-kinesthetic and intrapersonal) or even the writing/ conclusion a song that proves the accuracy of the law of supply and demand.It is for this reason that numerous schools have redesigned their curriculum to satisfy the needs of the people possess different types of intelligence. Arts PROPEL, in the US have developed a serial publication of modules that serve the goals of the curriculum as well as the needs of its students. MI is a m eans to foster high quality work. Using MI as a tool to promote high quality student work rather than using the theory as an end in and of itself (Smith, 2002).Creativity is promoted in the nuance of education and by which it helps the production of more creative ideas to continually support the existing knowledge we learn in school. Students are also provided not only to think inside of the boundaries of the classroom barely rather prepare them in the real world and cut back them in more ways than one. One which is only equipped with facts but not able to apply it in situations he or she faces.In the same way, Patricia Bolanos designed a public school in capital of Indiana that supports the multiple intelligence theory. The curriculum is designed in such a way that it helps in finding the kind of intelligence a student is said to be possessing and at the same time, guide them in enriching what they have. with the different steps that these schools have taken, they have in a way, considered the role of people who exhibit other kinds of intelligence. At the same time, the theory of multiple intelligence has become of vital importance to language teachers as it has allowed them to find out their teaching methods and how it effectively caters the need of their students. Different approaches shall be used in order to address the intelligence profiles of the students. Once again, the said theory has been accountable in enhancing the curriculum design, lesson planning and program development of various schools (Zulkuf Altan, 2001). finisThe rise of Howard Gardners multiple intelligence theory has lead to different reactions by the academe and psychologists, considering its importance in every day lives. Schools command students to meet a certain score in their achievement tests in the beginning allowing them to enter into their respectable institutions. It showed the society that other intelligences, aside the two traditional ones that have been regarded as imp ortant in the society is important and should also be taken into consideration. Students have different interests, react to different vitrine matters and topics and of course, adopt different ways of taking in information (Gardner, 1995)..It is for this reason that educational institutions nowadays have readjusted their curriculum, in their hopes to cater to artistic, musical, body intelligences, etc. It is believed that it is only through this that schools could properly respond to the needs of their students having possessed a different type of intelligence, aside from the traditional, more popular ones (Gardner, 1995).With the multiple intelligence theory, various learning-styles have been built on particular sense modalities such as auditory, visual and kinesthetics, believing that it is only through this that educators may manoeuvre the lesson and information to the brains of their students without giving them a hard time, giving them the access to information that could best meet their needs (Gardner, 1995).REFERENCESArmstrong, T. (2000). Multiple Intelligences. Retrieved October 21, 2007From http//www.thomasarmstrong.com/multiple_intelligences.htmKlein, P.D. (1997). Multiplying the Problems of Intelligence by ogdoad A Critique of Gardners Theory. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor DatabaseGardner, H. (1995). Multiple Intelligences as a Catalyst. side Journal Vol. 84No.8. p.8. retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor DatabaseGardner, H. and Hatch, T. (1989) Multiple Intelligence Go to School educational Implications of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, by Howard Gardner. Educational Researcher. Volume 8. No. pp.4-10. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor DatabaseSmith, Mark. (2002). Howard gardner, multiple intelligences and education. Retrieved October 20, 2007 from http//www.infed.org/thinkers/gardner.htm Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (2007). Multiple intelligences,Retrieved on October 20, 2007 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_mul tiple_intelligencesZulkuf Altan, M. (2001). Intelligence Reframed Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century, Review. TESOL quarterly Vol. 35, No. 1, p. 35. Retrieved October 21, 2007 from Jstor Database

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